Figure 5

Level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon exposure to GO and CXYG. Hep G2 cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of GO (A) and CXYG (B) for 24 and 72 h (grey and black bars, respectively). Bars represent the mean of at least three independent experiments. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean (SEM). Statistically significant differences with respect to the vehicle control are indicated as ^☆ and ^☆☆ for p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 (One-way rmANOVA, Dunnett’s Post-hoc test), respectively. Statistical significant differences between ROS levels measured for the same concentration at different time points (24 and 72 h) are indicated as α (p < 0.05, t-test).