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Figure 2 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Figure 2

From: Asbestos and erionite prime and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome that stimulates autocrine cytokine release in human mesothelial cells

Figure 2

Asbestos and TNFα causes release of cytokines from HMC. The LP9 cell line and isolated pleural mesothelial (NYU474) cells in culture were exposed to asbestos in the presence (+) or absence (0) of TNFα. (A) Release of IL-1β in the presence and absence of TNFα. (B) Levels of IL-6 in medium. IL-6 levels in NYU474 cells were elevated and above the scale of detection for LP9 cells. (C) Levels of IL-1ra in medium. All experiments in A-C were performed using a Bio-Plex protein array system for 27 human cytokines on media supernatants collected after 24 h of exposure to agents (N = 3 samples/group). Levels of IL-8 in groups of NYU474 and LP9 cells were higher than the standard curve of detection. (D) TNF priming did not increase asbestos-induced HMGB1 release from LP9 cells at 48 h (N = 3 samples/group/timepoint). * = significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) from untreated control group (0); † = significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) from TNFα-treated group; ‡ = significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) from asbestos alone group at the same concentration.

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