Figure 5

Examination of coagulation cascade. BALB/c mice were intranasally exposed to nSP30, nSP70, mSP300, nSP100, or mSP1000 at a concentration of 500 μg/mouse for 7 days. Twenty-four hours after the final administration, (a) bleeding time (evaluated by Duke’s method), (b) prothrombin time (PT) and (d) activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were evaluated. (c) The level of tissue factor (TF) in plasma was determined using ELISA. PT and APTT in collected plasma were determined at 37°C in the Clotek dry-block heating system with PT and APTT reagents. Results are expressed as mean ± S.E. (n = 4–5). *Represents significant difference from the control (p < 0.01).