Predictive value of in vitro assays depends on the mechanism of toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles

Table 3 Comparison of in vivo lung inflammation data with in vitro assay data at the same surface area dose (30 cm ² /mL) unless otherwise stated

	Rat (150 cm ²/rat)	A549		16-HBE		THP-1		Alveolar mac		Differentiated PBMC			DifferentiatedTHP-1 ^a			Combined (A549 + THP-1) ^a	Haemolysis
	granulocytes	cytotox ^b	IL-8	cytotox	IL-8	cytotox	IL-1β	cytotox	IL-1β	cytotox	IL-1β	TNF-α	cytotox	IL-1β	TNF-α	IL-8	% haemolysis
CeO₂	+	-	-	-	+	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-
TiO₂-rutile	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-
CB	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
SiO₂	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
NiO	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+
Co₃O₄	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Cr₂O₃	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
ZnO	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	N/A
CuO	+	+	+	+	-	+	-	+	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	+	-
Accuracy		6/9	6/9	6/9	5/9	5/9	4/9	7/9	5/9	8/9	5/9	5/9	6/9	3/9	5/9	6/9	5/8
False positive		0/9	0/9	0/9	1/9	0/9	0/9	1/9	0/9	0/9	0/9	0/9	0/9	1/9	0/9	0/9	0/8
False negative		3/9	3/9	3/9	3/9	4/9	5/9	1/9	4/9	1/9	4/9	4/9	3/9	5/9	4/9	3/9	3/8

^aThe highest dose for CuO NP was 3 cm²/mL.
^bCytotoxicity was measured by lactated dehydrogenase (LDH) or trypan blue exclusion assay.
Minimum four independent experiments were performed for each assay.
Statistically significant changes compared to vehicle control were marked as '+’ and no significant changes were noted as '-’.

ISSN: 1743-8977