Figure 7

Incineration induced release from nanocomposites. The incineration of nanocomposites could occur accidentally, or as part of disposal of a nanocomposite product at the end of its life cycle. Despite the importance of these scenarios, few studies have investigated release due to incineration. Early investigations reported no release, or release of the matrix alone. In the most recent investigation, release of the matrix, matrix embedded with the nanomaterial and dissociated nanomaterial were all reported. Across study summaries are present in charts: (A) the added nanomaterial, (B) the matrix, (C) the released debris identified and (D) the number of experiments versus observational studies. (?) data supporting this result are indirect or not presented, but described by the authors; (exp) rigorous experiments with replicate testing and negative controls (samples of matrix without added nanomaterial) examined; (obs) observational studies with no control samples and/or not replicate testing; (C) refers to any one of multiple forms of Carbonaceous nanomaterials, including: single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, carbon black and uncharacterized carbon nanotubes; (CSH) are calcium silicate hydrates.