| Endpoint | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Particle | Oxidative stress | NF-κB activation | AP-1 Activation | Chemokine production epithelial cells | TNFα production macs | Growth factor production | Direct genotox-icity | Apoptosis |
Asbestos | [21] | [4] | [23] | [16] | [8] | [14] fibroblasts | [15] | [3] |
Quartz | [9] | [17] | [18] | [20] | [6] | [24] epithelial cells | [35] | [12] |
PM10 | [19] | [13] | [22] | [65] | [5] | [7] epithelial cells | [11] | [10] |