Table 2 Cell viability after 24 hours incubation on THP-1 cells, measured with MTT assay
Particle Name | IC50 (μg/ml) | IC75 (μg/ml) | IC25 (μg/ml) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Copper | Lab. B | 1.65 (1.52–1.8) | 1.04 | 2.62 |
Lab. C | 6.46 (1.48–28.31) | 3.84 | 10.9 | |
Copper (commercial source) | Lab. A | 6.59 (3.68–11.81) | 2.06 | 21.09 |
Lab. C | 5.29 (2.03–13.81) | 0.96 | 29.11 | |
Copper oxide (cuprous) | Lab. A | 11.53 (7.48–17.7) | 4.13 | 32.16 |
Lab. C | 3.42 (2.41–4.86) | 1.58 | 7.41 | |
Copper oxide (cupric) | Lab. A | 31.07 (27.54–35) | 21.21 | 45.51 |
Lab. B | 3.89 (3.31–4.57) | 1.55 | 9.74 | |
Copper oxide (cupric commercial source) | Lab. B | 3 (2.93–3.01) | 2.88 | 3.13 |
Lab. C | 7.3 (6.05–8.81) | 4.28 | 12.46 | |
Copper-Zinc mixed oxide variants | Lab. B | 10.63 (7.87–14.3) | 5.65 | 20 |
Lab. C | 13.65 (9.97–18.6) | 9.13 | 20.4 | |
Zinc oxide stoechiometric | Lab. A | 1.66 (1.38–2) | 1.19 | 2.33 |
Lab. B | 4.05 (3.35–4.89) | 2.95 | 5.54 | |
Zinc-Titania mixed oxide variants 50-50 mix | Lab. A | 11.4 (8.54–15.23) | 8.1 | 16.04 |
Lab. C | 12.8 (12.43–13.07) | 11.9 | 13.77 | |
Titania stoechiometric | Lab. B | 432 (103.2–1809) | 255.77 | 729.66 |
Lab. C | NA | |||
Titania non-stoechiometric | Lab. A | 845.2 (233.7–3056) | 343.46 | 2079.9 |
Lab. C | 369.2 (141.2–965.4) | 165.67 | 822.76 | |
Silver | Lab. A | 19.33 (13.8–27.09) | 11.33 | 32.97 |
Lab. B | NA | |||
Silver (commercial source) | Lab. A | 1408 (379.2–5231) | 162.02 | >3300 |
Lab. C | 55.6 (14.98–206.3) | 20.74 | 149.06 | |
Cobalt | Lab. A | NT | ||
Lab. C | NT | |||
Cobalt (commercial source) | Lab. A | 69.6 (31.85–152.1) | 43.07 | 112.47 |
Lab. B | 1.42 (0.48–4.17) | 0.19 | 10.47 | |
Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese mixed variants | Lab. A | 69.13 (37.29–128.2) | 20.53 | 232.74 |
Lab. C | 43.33 (18.31–102.5) | 27.48 | 68.33 | |
Nickel | Lab. B | 79.46 (33.33–189.4) | 21.39 | 295.15 |
Lab. C | NT | |||
Nickel oxide | Lab. B | 23.31 (17.14–31.69) | 6.44 | 84.42 |
Lab. C | 1613 (694.6–3745) | 628.18 | >3300 | |
Zirconia | Lab. A | 570.6 (170.2–1913) | 22.84 | >3300 |
Lab. C | 171.9 (87.95–336.1) | 60.07 | 491.87 | |
Yttria doped Zirconia | Lab. B | 107.9 (30.5–381.9) | 49.45 | 235.44 |
Lab. C | NA | |||
Stainless steel | Lab. B | 62.42 (33.99–114.6) | 23.32 | 167.05 |
Lab. C | NT | |||
Alumina | Lab. A | 866 (291.9–2569) | 48.08 | >3300 |
Lab. B | 82.19 (10.28–67.4) | 13.54 | 498.9 | |
Tin oxide | Lab. A | 174.1 (40.48–748.3) | 4 | >3300 |
Lab. B | 3.39 (1.79–6.44) | 1.08 | 10.66 | |
Tungsten carbide | Lab. A | NT | ||
Lab. B | NT | |||
Ceria | Lab. A | 1058 (374.8–2984) | 311.25 | >3300 |
Lab. B | NT |