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Table 4 Exercise performed and physiological parameters during 2-hour walk.

From: Beneficial cardiovascular effects of reducing exposure to particulate air pollution with a simple facemask

  

Without Mask

With Mask

Activity

Energy expenditure, kcals

340

(314 – 367)

364

(304 – 426)

 

Energy expenditure, METS

3.33

(3.09 – 3.57)

3.61

(3.12 – 4.10)

Ambulatory blood pressure

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

121

(115 – 127)

114*

(108 – 120)

 

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

81

(75 – 87)

79

(74 – 83)

 

Mean arterial pressure, mmHg

94

(89 – 99)

90

(86 – 94)

 

Heart rate, bpm

88

(82 – 94)

91

(85 – 97)

Heart rate variability

Data validity, %

99.1

97.8

 

Average NN interval, ms

594

(562 – 627)

613

(571 – 655)

 

pNN50, %

3.3

(0.8 – 5.7)

2.1

(-0.1 – 4.4)

 

RMSSD, ms

17.2

(13.4 – 21.0)

20.0

(15.5 – 24.6)

 

SDNN, ms

45.8

(36.8 – 54.8)

54.8

(42.5 – 67.0)

 

Triangular Index

10.7

(9.1 – 12.4)

11.4

(9.4 – 13.3)

 

LF-power, ms2

313

(170 – 455)

414

(233 – 595)

 

HF-power, ms2

76.5

(33.6 – 120.0)

116.8

(52.6 – 181.0)

 

LFn, ms

68.2

(60.9 – 75.5)

67.9

(61.9 – 73.9)

 

HFn, ms

16.1

(11.9 – 20.3)

16.0

(12.5 – 19.4)

 

HF/LF ratio

0.259

(0.173 – 0.344)

0.247

(0.180 – 0.314)

  1. All data expressed as mean (95% confidence interval).
  2. *P < 0.01 compared to control (without mask) day, paired Student's t-test.
  3. P > 0.05 for all other parameters compared to control (without mask) day.