Agent/condition | Effect on BBB | Reference |
---|---|---|
Bradykinin, RMP-7 | Transient increase of permeability, activates B2 receptors | [116] |
VEGF, HIF-1, Deferoxamine, | Increase of permeability and leakage | |
TNF-alpha, IL-1beta | Moderate increase of permeability | [119] |
Tat, Nef, gp120 + IFN-gamma | HIV-1-associated dysfunction | |
Low magnetic field (0.15 T) | Moderated increase of permeability | |
Metalloproteinases | Increase of permeability | [124] |
LTC4 | Leukotriene-induced permeability | |
Lipopolysaccharide | Enhance the passage of regulatory proteins | |
P85 | Increase permeability by inhibiting the drug efflux transporter Pgp | [129] |
endothelin-1 | Dramatic increase of permeability after intracisternal administration | [130] |
tPA | Increase permeability via Akt phosphorylation | [131] |
PTX | Increased permeability by altering endothelial plasticity and angiogenesis | [132] |