Figure 1

Experimental protocols. A.) V₂O₅ was evaluated as a tumor promoter using a two-stage carcinogenesis model. MCA suspended in corn oil (10 μg/g) was administered to initiate carcinogenesis followed by 5 weekly aspirations of V₂O₅ (4 mg/kg, promoter) or PBS. B.) A/J, BALB, and B6 mice were exposed to 4 weekly aspirations of V₂O₅ and sacrificed at select time points to assess pulmonary inflammation. C.) A/J, BALB, and B6 mice were administered MCA (10 μg/g) or oil and then exposed to 4 weekly aspirations of PBS and sacrificed at select time points to assess pulmonary inflammation.