Cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by different metallic nanoparticles on human kidney cells

Table 1 Physical properties of investigated NPs

Particles	Source	Diameter	BET surface	Average	Agglomeration	Aggregates	Turbidimetry	Zeta potentiel	Cristal
		[nm] †	[m ² /g] †	diameter (TEM)	state (TEM)	diameter (TEM)	in RPMI	in RPMI	structure
				[nm ± sd]		[nm ± sd]	[NTU]	[mV]
TiO₂	Sigma Aldrich	12 ± 2	200-220	11,68 ± 2,2	aggregate	449 ± 393	1321 ± 20 ***	-9,28	99,80%
							292 ± 3 *		anatase/rutile ‡
ZnO	Sigma Aldrich	<100	15-25	75,61 ± 19	aggregate	722 ± 317	402 ± 32 ***	-6,45	--
							107 ± 8 *
CdS	ICMCB	8	--	7,65 ± 1,4	aggregate	178 ± 72	11 ± 0,2 **	-14,4	--
							--

Turbidimetry measurements were performed in RPMI 1640-serum to characterize particle dispersion rates (NTU) ± SD at 40 μg/cm² (***), 12.5 μg/cm² (**) and 10 μg/cm² (*). Average diameter of NPs, expressed as mean size ± SD nm, aggregating and average diameter of aggregates were determined using a electron microscope (TEM) fitted with a camera and Image software. (†data provided by the manufacturer, ‡data provided by [46]).

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