A 3-dimensional in vitro model of epithelioid granulomas induced by high aspect ratio nanomaterials

Table 1 Summary of material characterization

Material	Length (μm)	Diameter (nm)	Surface area (m²/g)	Fe content (wt-%)
Carbon black		141 ± 0.9⁽¹⁾	270⁽³⁾	0.032⁽⁵⁾
Asbestos	2.8 ± 2.6 ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	116 ± 112⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	9.1⁽²⁾	22.2⁽²⁾
MWCNT 1	6.1 ± 2.5⁽¹⁾	163 ± 49⁽¹⁾	10⁽³⁾	< 0.1⁽⁵⁾
MWCNT 2	18.8 ± 7.4⁽¹⁾	69 ± 30⁽¹⁾	200⁽³⁾	1.8⁽⁵⁾
MWCNT 3	11.7 ± 3.6⁽¹⁾⁽⁴⁾	80 ± 18⁽¹⁾⁽⁴⁾	20⁽³⁾	0.2⁽⁵⁾

⁽¹⁾ Size distribution in serum-free medium was evaluated by SEM and TEM using NIH Image J software. Mean ± SD. Particle size distribution of carbon black was evaluated by DLS.
⁽²⁾ As reported in Moalli et al., 1987 [31] and in Guo et al., 2007 [37].
⁽³⁾ Determined by nitrogen vapor adsorption using BET theory.
⁽⁴⁾ As reported in Poland et al., 2008 [35].
⁽⁵⁾ Determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).

ISSN: 1743-8977