Table 1 Selected measurement and sampling devices for airborne particles
From: Nanoparticle exposure at nanotechnology workplaces: A review
| Measurement/sampling device | Size range/time resolution/metric + equivalent diameter | References |
|---|---|---|
| Size resolved | ||
| Time resolved | ||
| Scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) |
2.5 nm - 1000 nm > 30 s number size distribution, based on electrical mobility diameter | [10, 11] |
|
Electrometer based mobility particle sizer: fast mobility particle sizer (FMPS)/engine exhaust particle sizer (EEPS) |
5.6 nm - 560 nm 1 s/0.1 s number size distribution, based on electrical mobility diameter | [12, 13] |
| Electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI) |
6 nm - 10 μm 0.1 s number size distribution, based on aerodynamic dia. | [14] |
| Optical particle sizer (OPS):- laser aerosol spectrometer (LAS) |
(> 60 nm) > 300 nm - 20 μm 1 s number size distribution, based on light scattering equivalent dia. | [15] |
|
Inertial spectrometer/time of flight instruments: - aerodynamic particle sizer (APS) |
500 nm - 20 μm 1 s number size distribution of the aerodynamic dia. | [16] |
| Size resolved | ||
| Time integrated | ||
| Low pressure cascade impactor |
> 20 nm n.a. mass size distribution, chemical analysis, morphology | [17, 18] |
| Micro orifice uniform deposit impactor (Moudi) |
10 nm -20 μm n.a. mass size distribution, chemical analysis, morphology | [18] |
| Wide range aerosol system (WRAS) |
5.5 nm - 32 μm 5 min number size distribution | [19] |
| Thermal precipitator (TP) |
20 - ca. 300 nm n.a. size distribution | [20] |
| Size integrated | ||
| Time resolved | ||
| Condensation particle counter (CPC) |
5.5 nm - 9 μm 1 s particle number concentration (NC) | [21, 22] |
| Surface area monitors (e.g. electrical aerosol detector (EAD), nanoparticle surface area monitor (NSAM), LQ1-DC) |
10 nm - > 1 μm 1 s aerosol length (EAD), active surface area (LQ1-DC), lung deposited surface area (NSAM) | [23–25] |
| Aerosol photometer |
250 nm - 20 μm 1 s mass concentration | |
| Size integrated | ||
| Time integrated | ||
| Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) |
> 20 nm n.a. chemical analysis, morphology | [26] |
| Thermal precipitator (TP) |
> 20 nm n.a. chemical analysis, morphology | [20] |
| Filtration (e.g. PM10, PM2.5) | mass concentration, chemical composition |