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Table 1 Characterization of nanoparticles.

From: Progressive severe lung injury by zinc oxide nanoparticles; the role of Zn2+ dissolution inside lysosomes

Designated name

ZnONP

ZnONPalt

NiONP

TiO2NP

Supplier

NanoScale Corp.

Nanostructure and Amorphous Materials Inc.

Nanostructure and Amorphous Materials Inc.

Nanostructure and Amorphous Materials Inc.

Diameter (nm) examined by TEM

10.7 ± 0.7

137 ± 9.2

5.3 ± 0.4

30.5 ± 1.8

Surface area (m2/g)a

48.2

50

91.8

27.5

Mass (μg) per 150 cm2 (high dose- rat)

310

-

163.5

545

Mass (μg) per 50 cm2 (low dose- rat)

103

-

54.5

182

Mass (μg) per 15 cm2 (high dose- mouse)

31

-

9.18

-

Zn2+ (μg) equivalent to 50 cm2 (rat study)

82.8

-

-

-

Endotoxin (EU/ml)b

ND

ND

ND

ND

Hydrodynamic size (nm) in

DW

2855 ± 773

4833 ± 625

1210 ± 471

787 ± 324

 

PBS

3925 ± 715

5683 ± 510

2236 ± 407

1166 ± 344

 

PBS (5% rat serum)

423 ± 24

282 ± 124

93 ± 4

119.1 ± 39.6

 

PBS (5% mouse serum)

229 ± 187

-

83 ± 44

-

Zeta potential (mV) in

PBS (5% rat serum)

-27.1 ± 1.4

-25.9 ± 0.6

-26.0 ± 5.0

-28.5 ± 5.2

 

PBS (5% mouse serum)

-18.9 ± 1.5

-

-21.4 ± 0.8

-

  1. Values are mean ± S.D. from four independent experiments.
  2. ND = not detectable.
  3. aDetermined by Escubed Ltd. (Leeds, UK).
  4. bLower detection limit 0.1 EU/ml.
  5. DW, distilled water.
  6. PBS, phosphate buffered saline.