Table 1 Estimated changes from baseline (0 h) to end of exposure (3½ h) and to 6 h for all the respiratory outcomes
From: Effects of wood smoke particles from wood-burning stoves on the respiratory health of atopic humans
Clean air | Low wood smoke exposure | High wood smoke exposure | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Change (0 h-3½ h) | Change (0 h-6 h) | Change (0 h-3½ h) | Change (0 h-6 h) | Change (0 h-3½ h) | Change (0 h-6 h) | ||||||||
Variable category | Unit | Mean | (CI) | Mean | (CI) | Mean | (CI) | Mean | (CI) | Mean | (CI) | Mean | (CI) |
Lung function | |||||||||||||
FEV1 | Liters | −0.01 | (−0.07 ; 0.05) | 0.00 | (−0.05 ; 0.06) | 0.03 | (−0.02 ; 0.09) | 0.04 | (−0.01 ; 0.10) | 0.02 | (−0.04 ; 0.07) | 0.06 | (0.00 ; 0.11) |
FVC | Liters | 0.05 | (−0.09 ; 0.18) | 0.04 | (−0.09 ; 0.17) | 0.02 | (−0.11 ; 0.16) | 0.05 | (−0.08 ; 0.17) | 0.13 | (−0.01 ; 0.26) | 0.15 | (0.03 ; 0.27) |
PEF | Liters/min | −18.45 | (−34.93 ; -1.97) | −15.30 | (−34.33 ; 3.73) | −9.69 | (−25.75 ; 6.37) | −5.28 | (−23.83 ; 13.27) | −11.39 | (−27.10 ; 4.31) | −6.64 | (−24.77 ; 11.49) |
Fractional exhaled NO | |||||||||||||
FENO50 | ppb NO | −2.14 | (−4.07 ; -0.21) | N/A | N/A | −0.26 | (−2.14 ; 1.63) | N/A | N/A | −1.60 | (−3.48 ; 0.29) | N/A | N/A |
FENO270 | ppb NO | −0.38 | (−0.95 ; 0.18) | N/A | N/A | 0.07 | (−0.48 ; 0.62) | N/A | N/A | −0.21 | (−0.76 ; 0.34) | N/A | N/A |
Exhaled breath condensate | |||||||||||||
Conductivity # | μS/cm | 3.52 | (−14.00 ; 21.03) | −5.54 | (−142.94 ; 131.86) | −21.66 | (−38.91 ; -4.42) | 13.65 | (−120.27 ; 147.57) | −2.80 | (−19.75 ; 14.15) | −201.27 | (−331.98 ; -70.57) |
pH | 0.25 | (0.01 ; 0.50) | 0.19 | (−0.14 ; 0.51) | 0.10 | (−0.14 ; 0.33) | 0.34 | (0.03 ; 0.66) | 0.02 | (−0.23 ; 0.25) | −0.23 | (−0.54 ; 0.08) | |
8-Isoprostane | pg/ml | 0.12 | (−4.38 ; 4.61) | −0.73 | (−11.05 ; 9.58) | −6.16 | (−10.54 ; -1.78) | −4.15 | (−13.92 ; 5.62) | 0.53 | (−4.08 ; 5.14) | −7.40 | (−16.95 ; 2.14) |
Nasal lavage biomarkers | |||||||||||||
IL-1β | pg/ml | −1.41 | (−4.81 ; 2.00) | 0.19 | (−2.83 ; 3.21) | 0.35 | (−2.97 ; 3.67) | 0.85 | (−2.10 ; 3.80) | −1.14 | (−4.43 ; 2.14) | 2.51 | (−0.42 ; 5.44) |
IL-6 | pg/ml | 6.62 | (−0.41 ; 13.65) | 2.39 | (−5.69 ; 10.47) | −1.90 | (−8.60 ; 4.80) | −8.10 | (−15.85 ; -0.35) | 5.42 | (−1.14 ; 11.98) | 5.48 | (2.10 ; 13.06) |
IL-8 # | pg/ml | 0.86 | (−3.63 ; 5.36) | 2.92 | (−1.89 ; 7.74) | 2.40 | (−1.92 ; 6.73) | 0.70 | (−3.93 ; 5.33) | −5.47 | (−9.72 ; -1.22) | 0.38 | (−4.16 ; 4.92) |
IL-12 # | pg/ml | 1.20 | (−0.81 ; 3.21) | −0.75 | (−3.10 ; 1.61) | −0.80 | (−2.71 ; 1.11) | −2.20 | (−4.46 ; 0.06) | 1.86 | (−0.01 ; 3.73) | 1.48 | (−0.73 ; 3.69) |
IL-18 # | pg/ml | −1.49 | (−6.00 ; 2.63) | −6.00 | (−10.64 ; -1.35) | −0.95 | (−4.88 ; 2.98) | 0.00 | (−4.46 ; 4.46) | −3.21 | (−7.06 ; 0.63) | −2.71 | (−7.07 ; 1.66) |
Nasal volume | |||||||||||||
VOl2-4 # | ml | 0.20 | (0.01 ; 0.39) | 0.16 | (−0.04 ; 0.35) | 0.22 | (0.03 ; 0.41) | 0.20 | (0.01 ; 0.39) | 0.14 | (−0.05 ; 0.32) | 0.24 | (0.05 ; 0.42) |