Pulmonary and hemostatic toxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and zinc oxide nanoparticles after pulmonary exposure in Bmal1 knockout mice

Table 1 Summary of the nanoparticle-induced, genotype and time effects

	MWCNT	ZnO	Genotype effect	Time effect
*Pulmonary toxicity:*
BAL cells	↑↑	≈	≈	↓ (only WT)
Lung cytokines	↑↑	↓	≈	↓
Oxidative stress	↑↑	↓	↓	↓
*Extra-pulmonary toxicity:*
Inflammatory blood cells	≈	≈	↑	≈
Red blood cells - platelets	↑	≈	↑	↑
Coagulation	↑↑	↑	↑	≈↑
Vascular inflammation	≈	≈	≈	≈

The genotype effects represent the effects induced by both NPs in the Bmal1 −/− mice as compared to those of the Bmal1 +/+ mice; the time effects represent the effects induced by both NPs at T2 as compared to T1, without a distinction between both genotypes. ↑↑ represents a significant increase (p< 0.01) compared to its proper respectively control group; ↑ increase (p< 0.05); ↓↓ decrease (p< 0.01); ↓ decrease (p< 0.05); ≈ no significant change.

ISSN: 1743-8977