Figure 5
From: Nanodiamonds act as Trojan horse for intracellular delivery of metal ions to trigger cytotoxicity
Enhancement of bioeffects by ND-vectorized Cu 2+ . a and b: Enhancement of Cellular ROS level by ND-vectorized Cu2+. a: ROS generation, b: NAC protection (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, one-way ANOVA for comparison). c: TEM images of a typical L929 cell after incubation with NDs, Cu2+ and NDs-Cu2+ mixture for 24 h. Arrows indicate NDs (Scale bars = 2 μm). d: Flow cytometric analysis of L929 cells after incubation with NDs, Cu2+ and NDs-Cu2+ mixture for 24 h.