Table 1 Physical and chemical characterization of Ag ENMs
Anionic Ag ENMs | Neutral Ag ENMs | Cationic Ag ENMs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name | Ag_Citrate | Ag_SDS | Ag_Disperbyk | Ag_Tween | Ag_Byk | Ag_Chitosan | |
Stabilizer | Sodium citrate 0.025 % | SDS 0.05 % | Disperbyk 192® 0.05 % | Tween 80® 0.1 % | BYK 9076® 0.025 % in 0.05 % acetic acid | Chitosan 0.05 % in 0.1 % acetic acid | |
Surface charge [mV]a | In solvent | - 42.26 ± 1.64 | −33.23 ± 0.90 | - 3.02 ± 4.12 | −1.13 ± 1.73 | +26.56 ± 1.67 | +52.40 ± 1.79 |
In RPMI 1600 Medium | −8.43 ± 0.84 | −9.8 ± 1 .56 | −3,38 ± 1.27 | −1.2 ± 1.36 | −9.8 ± 0.89 | −4,83 ± 0.3 | |
Surface chemistry [Atom %] | C 44.6; O 41.6; Na 9.2; N 3.0; Ag 1.7 | C 48.1; O 40.2; Na 5.9; Ag 3.6; N 2.0; S 0.2 | C 72.8; O 24.5; Ag 1.6; N 1.0 | C 71.5; O 25.7; Na 2.6; Ag 0.2 | C 69.5; O 16.3; N 9.4; Ag 4.7 | C 46.3; O 41.3; N 7.3; Na 3.4; Ag 1.7 | |
Size/size distribution & aggregation/agglomeration state [nm]a | In solvent | DLS: 5.4 | DLS: 5.0 | DLS: 9.1 | DLS: 8.0 | DLS: 9.2 | DLS: − |
TEM: 5.9 ± 2.3 | TEM: 6.2 ± 2.9 | TEM: 6.9 ± 2.8 | TEM: 6.1 ± 2.1 | TEM: 10.5 ± 2.5 | TEM: 9.8 ± 2.1 | ||
XRD: 6.3 | XRD: 6.8 | XRD: 5.9 | XRD: 6.3 | XRD: 6.8 | XRD: 7.1 | ||
In RPMI 1600 medium | DLS: | DLS: | DLS: | DLS: | DLS: | DLS: | |
P1: 133 ± 67.56 | P1: 137.4 ± 78.24 | P1: 391.5 ± 10.9 | P1: 49.73 ± 10.9 | P1: 34.83 ± 2.54 | P1: 763.7 ± 379.4 | ||
P2 : 22.04 ± 9.2 | P2: 17.14 ± 5.31 | P2: 41.18 ± 10.3 | P2: 127.4 ± 37.93 | ||||
Shape | spherical | spherical | spherical | spherical | spherical | spherical | |
Crystal structure | cubic | Cubic | cubic | cubic | cubic | cubic | |
Concentration [μg/ml] | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | |