Mechanisms of lung fibrosis induced by carbon nanotubes: towards an Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP)

Vietti, Giulia; Lison, Dominique; van den Brule, Sybille

doi:10.1186/s12989-016-0123-y

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Table 3 in vivo lung fibrotic reaction of CNT administered via pharyngeal aspiration

From: Mechanisms of lung fibrosis induced by carbon nanotubes: towards an Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP)

Pharyngeal aspiration studies
Duration	CNT					Dose	Experimental model			Fibrosis	References
	Type	Source	Length (μm)	Diameter (nm)	Other		Species	Strain	Methods
2w	SD SWCNT	CNI	0.1–1	0.8–1.2	survanta acetone disp	10 μg	mouse	C57BL/6 J	SSCK, WBc	+	[29]
	AD SWCNT					(0.5 mg/kg)				+
1-28d	SWCNT	CNI	0.1–1	0.8–1.2		5–20 μg	mouse	C57BL/6	SSCK, SRS	↑	[81]
						(0.25–1 mg/kg)
1-60d	SWCNT	CNI	/	1–4		10–40 μg	mouse	C57BL/6	SRS, MTS	+	[38]
						(0.5–2 mg/kg)
28d	SWCNT	CNI	/	1–4		40 μg	mouse	C57BL/6	SSCK	+	[17]
						(2 mg/kg)		C57BL/6gp91^phox−/−		-
28d	SWCNT	CNI	0.7	1–4		40 μg	mouse	C57BL/6	SRS, SSCK	+	[94]
						(2 mg/kg)		B6.129X1-MPO		+ (#)
3w	SWCNT	CNI	0.5–2	0.4–1.2		40 μg	mouse	C57BL/6	SSCK, MTS	+	[95]
						twice a week 3 weeks
7d	SWCNT	CNI	1–3	1–4		40–80 μg	mouse	C57BL/6	SSCK	+	[96]
						(2–4 mg/kg)
28d	SWCNT	U	1–3	1–4		40 μg	mouse	C57BL/6	SRS, SSCK	+	[19]
						(2 mg/kg)
1y	SWCNT	U	1–3	65		40 μg	mouse	C57BL/6	SSCK	+	[83]
						(2 mg/kg)
21d	SWCNT BSA-AP-Hipco	NI	1000–5000	0.7–1.1	BSA-coated	2 mg/kg	mouse	C57BL/6	SSCK, MTS	+	[47]
	SWCNT PF108-Hipco		500–1500	0.7–1.1	PF-108-coated					-
14-56d	SWCNT	/	5–15	<2		80 μg/m	mouse	C57BL/6	OH-p, MTS	+	[64]
						(4 mg/kg)
90d	Short SWCNT	CT	1	11		40 μg/m	mouse	C57BL/6 J	SSCK, SRS	+	[31]
	Long SWCNT		13	11		(2 mg/kg)				+ (#)
21d	MWCNT	CT	10–30	20–30		2 mg/kg	mouse	C57BL/6	SSCK, MTS	+	[54]
								P47^phox−/− C57BL/6		-
21d	MWCNT AP	CT	0.57		F					+
	MWCNT NH2	From AP	0.45		F					+
	MWCNT sw-NH2	From AP	0.58		F					+
	MWCNT PEI	From AP	0.33	/	F	2 mg/kg	mouse	C57BL/6	SSCK, MTS	+ (#)	[45]
	MWCNT cc-PEI	From AP	-		F					+
	MWCNT COOH	From AP	0.38		F					-
	MWCNT PEG	From AP	0.27							-
21d	AP MWCNT D	CT			BSA + DPPC					+
	AP MWCNT ND	CT			/					-
	PD MWCNT D	From AP	10–30	20–30	BSA + DPPC	2 mg/kg	mouse	C57BL/6	MTS, SSCK	+	[36]
	PD MWCNT ND	From AP			/					-
	COOH MWCNT D	From AP			BSA + DPPC					+
	COOH MWCNT ND	From AP			/					-
21d	AP MWCNT	CT	1.97		BSA-dispersed					+
	AP MWCNT	CT	1.16		PF108-C					-
	AP MWCNT	CT	0.15		PF108-HD					-
	PD MWCNT	From AP	2.11		BSA-dispersed					+
	PD MWCNT	From AP	1.52	20–30	PF108-C	2 mg/kg	mouse	C57BL/6	SSCK, MTS	-	[97]
	PD MWCNT	From AP	0.14		PF108-HD					-
	COOH MWCNT	From AP	1.96		BSA-dispersed					+
	COOH MWCNT	From AP	1.8		PF108-C					-
	COOH MWCNT	From AP	0.15		PF108-HD					-
1-14d	MWCNT-7	MC	3.9	49		5–40 μg	mouse	C57BL/6 J	MTS, SRS	+++	[37]
						(0.25–2 mg/kg)
1-56d	MWCNT-7	MC	3.86	49		10–80 μg	mouse	C57BL/6 J	SRS	+	[26]
						(0.5–4 mg/kg)
1-56d	MWCNT-7	MC	3.86	49		10–80 μg/m	mouse	C57BL/6 J	SRS	+	[82]
						(0.5–4 mg/kg)
1 to 56d	MWCNT-7	HCC	4.3	/		80 μg/m	mouse	C57BL/6 J	SRS	+	[27]
						(4 mg/kg)
28d	MWCNT	HMS	0.5–40	10–30	Uncoated	4 mg/kg	mouse	C57BL/6	MTS	+++ (#)	[50]
					ALD-coated					+
60d	MWCNT NM400	N	0.7–3	5–35						+++
	MWCNT NM402	A	0.7–4	6–20		12.5–100 μg/m	mouse	C57B6/6	OH-p, SRS	+++	[23]
	MWCNT NM400c	N	0.1–0.5	18–35		(0.6–5 mg/kg)				-
	MWCNTg 2400	PIH	0.7	20–50						-
60d	MWCNT NM400	N	0.7–3	5–35						++
	MWCNT long	CT	10–30	11–59		100 μg/m	mouse	C57BL/6	OH-p, SRS	++	[34]
	MWCNT short	CT	0.5–2	10–47		(5 mg/kg)				-
	MWCNT thick	CT	10–30	15–74						-

nd: not determined. Duration: d: day; w: week; y: year. CNT type: AP: as prepared; COOH: carboxyl; NH2: amino; PD: purified. Source: A: Arkema (France); CNI: Carbon Nanotechnologies Inc. (Houston, TX); CT: Cheap Tubes (Brattlebore, VT); HCC: Hodogaya Chemical Company; HMS: Helix Materials Solution (Richardson, TX); MC: Mitsui & Company (Tokio, Japan); N: Nanocyl (Sambreville, Belgium); NI: NanoIntegris (Skokie, IL); NP: Nanotech Port (Chengdu, China); PIH: produced in-house; SA: Sigma-Aldrich (Lyon, France); SN: Shenzhen Nanoharbor (Shenzhen, China); SNP: Shenzhen Nanotech Port (Shenzhen, China); U: Unidym (Sunnyvale, CA). Other: AD: acetone/sonication dispersed; ALD: atomic layer deposition; BSA: bovine serum albumin; cc-PEI: carboxyl converted PEI; D: dispersed; DPPC: dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine; F: functionalized; ND: no dispersed; PABS: polyaminobenzene sulfonic acid group; PEG: polyethylene glycol; PEI: polyethyleneimine; PF108-C: cruder stock; PF108-HD: homogeneously dispersed; SD: survanta dispersed; swNH2: sidewall amine. Methods: GS: Gomori staining; H&E: Hematoxylin and eosin stain; hcIll: histopathology collagen type III; LS: Ladewig staining; MTS: Masson's trichrome staining; OH-p: hydroxyl proline, SRS: Sirius red staining; SSCK: Sircol Soluble Collagen; WBc: western blot collagen. Fibrosis: +p < 0.05, ++p < 0.01, +++p < 0.001 as reported in the respective paper; (#) p < 0.05 difference between particle responses as reported in the respective paper; ↑: increase of fibrosis suggested by authors but without statistical evidence

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ISSN: 1743-8977

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