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Fig. 4 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 4

From: Genetic toxicity assessment of engineered nanoparticles using a 3D in vitro skin model (EpiDermâ„¢)

Fig. 4

Characterising 3D topical nanosilica exposures after deposition in acetone using cryogenic vitrification and scanning electron microscopy: Representative images 16 nm-SiO2 (a – d), 85 nm-SiO2 (f – i). Particle deposition (false coloured red) varied and was heterogeneous across the tissue surface. Surface coverage (median = bars, error = range) is summarised in e/j (n = 5). Increasing dose (rows) typically resulted in greater / deeper surface coverage, with only the far peripheries of the tissue remaining unexposed to nanoparticles at 1000 μg (d, i). Alternative dose metrics including the 3D equivalent total mass doses with area unit components are provided in Table 2

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