Table 1 Manufacturer and composition of the included composites
From: Interaction of rat alveolar macrophages with dental composite dust
Composite | Manufacturer | Classification | Resin matrix | Filler | Filler loading |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Filtek Supreme XTE | 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany | Nano-composite | BisGMA, Bis-EMA, UDMA, TEGDMA | • SiO2 (20 nm) • Zirconia-silica clusters (0.6–1.4 μm) with primary particles of 5–20 nm | 78.5 wt% 59.5 vol% |
Gradia Direct | GC, Tokyo, Japan | Micro-filled hybrid composite | UDMA | • Silica prepolymerized filler (16 μm particles with 16 nm pyrogenic silica) • Silicate glass (850 nm) • Pyrogenic silica (16 nm) | 73 wt% 64 vol% |
GrandiO | VOCO, Cuxhaven, Germany | Nano-hybrid composite | Bis-GMA, TEGDMA | • Spherical nanoparticles of silicon dioxides (20–50 nm) | 87 wt% 71.4% |
Tetric EvoCeram | Ivoclar-Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein | Nano-hybrid composite | Bis-GMA, UDMA, Bis-EMA | • Barium alumino silicate glass (0.6 μm) • Ytterbium trifluoride • Mixed oxide (160 nm) • Prepolymerized filler | 82–83 wt% 66–67 vol% |
Z100 MP | 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA | Hybrid composite | BisGMA, TEGDMA | • Zirconia silica (0.01 μm to 3.5 μm) | 84.5 wt% 66 vol% |