Skip to main content
Fig. 9 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 9

From: Impaired lysosomal activity mediated autophagic flux disruption by graphite carbon nanofibers induce apoptosis in human lung epithelial cells through oxidative stress and energetic impairment

Fig. 9

Graphical diagram representing the mechanism of cell death in A549 cells by graphite carbon nanofibers. Exposure to GCNF causes the increased production of reactive oxygen species which activates the autophagosomes accumulation, apoptosis induction as well as damage to DNA. Further mechanistic studies revealed the interconnection between apoptosis and autophagy through the impairment of lysosomes and energy pool. Thus GCNF induced nanotoxicity through modulation of autophagy apoptosis axis via oxidative stress

Back to article page