From: Mechanistic insight into the impact of nanomaterials on asthma and allergic airway disease
Nanomaterial Properties | Model Characteristics | Disease Related Endpoints | Ref | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Material | 1° Size (nm) | Location | Species (strain) | Allergen (route) | Exposure Route | Dose | AHR (test) | IgE | Eos | Neu | Lym | MΦ | Total cell | Gene Expression Markers | GCH-MS |  |
Ultrafine Particles | <150 | Los Angeles | Mice (BALB/c -f) | OVA (Int N) | Int N | 0.95 μg/kg | - | ↑ | nc | nc | nc | - | nc | ↑ (TNF-α, IL-5, IL-13, IL-6, MCP-1, MIPI-α) nc (IL-4, INF-γ) | - | [231] |
DCB-230 | 200 | - | Rats (BN–neonates) | n/a | A | 200 μg/m3 (20min x7d) | ↑ (Resist) | - | nc | ↑ | ↑ | - | - | ↓ (IL-18, VEGF, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, IL-1β) | - | [234] |
Ultrafine Particles | <180 | Downtown Los Angeles | Mice (BALB/c –f) | OVA (Int N) | Int N | 0.01 μg/kg | - | nc | ↑ | nc | ↑ | - | ↑ | ↑ (IL-12, IL-6, IL-1β) nc (IL-13) | - | [232] |
Ultrafine Particles | <150 | Downtown Los Angeles | Mice (BALB/c –f) | OVA (Int N) | Int N | 297 – 394 μg/m3 | - | nc | nc | nc | - | - | - | ↑ (IL-5) nc (IL-13) | - | [256] |
Ultrafine Particles | <170 | Fresno, CA, USA (Summer Night) | Mice (BALB/c –m) | HDM (Int N) | Int N | 45 μg/m3 | - | - | nc | nc | nc | nc | nc | nc (HO-1) | - | [229] |
Ultrafine Particles | <170 | Fresno, CA, USA (Winter Day) | Mice (BALB/c –m) | HDM (Int N) | Int N | 45 μg/m3 | - | - | ↑ | nc | ↑ | nc | ↑ | ↑ (HO-1) | - | [229] |
Ultrafine Particles | <170 | Fresno, CA, USA (Winter Night) | Mice (BALB/c –m) | HDM (Int N) | Int N | 45 μg/m3 | - | - | nc | nc | nc | nc | nc | nc (HO-1) | - | [229] |
Ultrafine Particles | <170 | Fresno, CA, USA (Summer Day) | Mice (BALB/c –m) | HDM (Int N) | Int N | 45 μg/m3 | - | - | nc | nc | ↑ | nc | nc | ↑ (HO-1) | - | [229] |
Ultrafine Particles | <180 | Los Angeles | Mice (BALB/c –f) | OVA (Int N) | Int N | 0.04 μg/kg | - | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | - | - | - | ↑ (IL-5, IL-13, IL-17a) | ↑ sig MUC5AC | [258] |
Ultrafine Particles | <180 | Los Angeles | Mice (Il4raR576) | OVA (IP) | Int N | 0.18 μg/kg | ↑ (Resist) | ↑ | ↑ | - | - | - | ↑ | ↑ (IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, IFN-γ, IL-5) | - | [259] |
Ultrafine Particles | <180 | Detroit (upwind/downwind) | Mice (BALB/c –f) | OVA (IP) | OA | 0.28, 1.4 μg/kg | - | nc | nc | nc | - | - | - | ↑ (IL-5 (1.4 only)) | - | [257] |