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Fig. 4 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 4

From: Prenatal and early-life diesel exhaust exposure causes autism-like behavioral changes in mice

Fig. 4

Three Chambered Social Preference Test. In the sociability phase of the three chambered social preference test (a), sociability was assessed by measuring cumulative time spent by test mice in chamber containing the novel mouse (N1) vs. empty chamber. There were no differences between FA-exposed and DE-exposed mice; FA and DE-exposed mice of both sexes exhibited preference toward the novel mouse over empty setup (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction). In the social novelty phase (b), cumulative time spent by test mice in the chamber containing the novel mouse (N2) vs. familiar mouse (N1) was measured. DE-exposed female mice showed no preference between the novel vs. familiar mouse, while FA-exposed mice of both sex and DE-exposed males preferred the novel mouse over the familiar mouse (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01; One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction). FA M n = 14, DE M n = 13, FA F n = 13, DE F n = 13

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