Cerium dioxide nanoparticles exacerbate house dust mite induced type II airway inflammation

Table 1 Summary effect of HDM and CeO₂NP co-exposure on pulmonary inflammation and airway dysfunction

	Bronchoalveolar lavage cells				Lung inflammatory indicators mRNA (protein)									Airway mucin, structure and mechanics
	Total	Neu	Lym	Eos	MCPT1	IL-4	IL-5	IL-13	CCL11	CCL17	CD177	IL33	Plasma IgE	Mucin	Clca1	Muc5ac	SLC26A4	M.T.	α-sma	PCNA	AHR (Rrs)
CeLD RPT	↑	nc	nc	nc	nc (↑)	nc (nc)	nc	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc	(nc)	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
CeHD RPT	↑	nc	nc	nc	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc	(nc)	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
HDM	↑	↑	↑	nc	nc (↑)	↑ (nc)	↑	↑ (nc)	↑ (nc)	nc (nc)	nc	(nc)	nc	↑	nc	nc	nc	nc	↑	↑	↑
HDM + CeLD SGL	nc	↓	nc	nc	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc	(nc)	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
HDM + CeHD SGL	↑	nc	nc	nc	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	↑	(nc)	nc	nc	↑	↑	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
HDM + CeLD RPT	nc	↓	nc	nc	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc	↓ (nc)	nc (nc)	nc (nc)	nc	(nc)	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc	nc
HDM + CeHD RPT	↑	nc	nc	↑	↑ (↑)	↑ (nc)	nc	nc (nc)	↑ (↑)	↑ (nc)	↑	(nc)	↑	↑	↑	↑	↑	nc	nc	nc	nc

Pulmonary and systemic responses to intranasal administration of HDM and CeO2NP treatment over 3- week administration regimens is provided as a qualitative metric for cross treatment and protocol comparison purposes. Treatments are indicated within the first column with protocol details as described in Fig. 1. For CeLD RPT, CeHD RPT and HDM treatments, comparison against control animals is represented as an increase (↑), a decrease (↓) or no change (nc) for each measurement. For HDM + CeLD SGL, HDM + CeHD SGL, HDM + CeLD RPT and HDM + CeHD RPT treatments, comparison against HDM treated animals is represented as an increase (↑), a decrease (↓) or no change (nc) for each measurement. Abbreviations used: Neu, neutrophils; Lym, lymphocytes; Eos, eosinophils; M.T., Masson’s Trichrome; α-sma, alpha smooth muscle actin; AHR, airway hyperresponsiveness; Rrs, Resistance

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