Fig. 6
PM2.5 induces mRNA expression of TGFβ1 and IL-6 in lungs and hearts of mice. mRNA expression of TGFβ1 and IL-6 in lungs (a, c) and hearts (b, d) were detected by qPCR. GAPDH was used as the internal control. The mean expression in each treated group was shown as a fold change compared to the mean expression in each control group, which had been calculated as target gene /GAPDH and ascribed an arbitrary value of 1. Each column and bar represents the mean ± SE (n = 6–9). TGFβ1, transforming growth factor β1; IL-6, interleukin-6. *P < 0.05 vs. age-matched control by two-way ANOVA and Turkey’s post hoc tests; & P < 0.05 vs. 4-week-old PM2.5 group; # P < 0.05 vs. 4-month-old PM2.5 group by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post hoc tests