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Fig. 4 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 4

From: Maternal inhalation of carbon black nanoparticles induces neurodevelopmental changes in mouse offspring

Fig. 4

Maternal exposure to Printex 90 carbon nanoparticles dose-dependently increases expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes in the offspring cerebral cortex. a, b, d, e, g and h show representative fluorescent micrographs of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the cerebral cortices of 6 week old male offspring in the control (a, b), low exposure (d, e), and high exposure groups (g, h). a, d and g gives an overview of the cerebral cortex, with b, e, and h providing enlarged views hereof, respectively. c, f, and i are grayscale views of b, e, and h, respectively, for quantification of the GFAP expression. j indicates averages of the expression area of GFAP-positive astrocytes in the cerebral cortices of offspring based on the grayscale views provided in [Additional files 3, 4 and 5], and shows that the maternal exposure to the nanoparticles significantly increases expression levels of GFAP in astrocytes in offspring cerebral cortices. N is the number of brains analysed, mean ± SEM

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