Fig. 2
Measurement of whole-body exposure to particulate air pollution in rats during the study period. Daily distributions of the geometric mean diameter (GMD), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of < 1 μm (PM1) mass concentration, and lung deposition surface area (LDSA) in the alveolar region concentration, black carbon (BC), and particle number concentration (PNC) during the study period were determined. Characteristics of the traffic-related particles were as follows: the GMD was 55.8 nm; the PM1 mass concentration was 16.3 μg/m3; the LDSA was 55.1 μm2/cm3; the BC was 1800 ng/m3; and the PNC was 11257 μg/m3