Fig. 7

NP influence release of chemokines, cytokines and growth factors in 3D human neural models. Graphs showing the levels of different secreted mediators after exposure to Au-SC (6 μg/mL), Au-PEG (20 μg/mL) and PLA-NP (20 μg/mL) for 24 and 72 h in comparison to untreated control spheroids. a 3D LUHMES (MIP-1β, IL-10, IL-12p70, TNFα, bFGF and VEGF) and b BrainSpheres (IL-1ra, IL-10, IL-12p70, GM-CSF, bFGF and VEGF). Data were collected from three independent experiments with three technical replicates and represents mean (± SEM). One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons post-test was used to analyze the statistical significance (*p < 0.05)