Fig. 2
Effect of ambient PM on expression of Ca2+-related genes and dependent signals in cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes were treated with control, SPM, or WPM at the indicated concentrations for 24 h and harvested for RNA extraction and western blotting. a mRNA levels of CaMKII, RyR2, SERCA2a, and NCX2 were quantified by qPCR (n = 4). Gene expression was normalized to GAPDH. b The expression of phospho-CaMKII, phospho-RyR2, and SERCA2a were analyzed by western blotting (n = 5). Protein levels were normalized against β-actin. c The expression levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and Akt were analyzed by western blotting (n = 4). The protein levels were normalized to total ERK or Akt levels, respectively. All values are represented as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05 or **P < 0.01 compared with control