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Fig. 3 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 3

From: Induction of ferroptosis in response to graphene quantum dots through mitochondrial oxidative stress in microglia

Fig. 3

N-GQDs caused ferroptosis in BV2 cells. The cell viability of BV2 cells treated with 100 μg/mL N-GQDs for 24 h pretreated with/without a specific ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 (a) and an iron chelator DFO (b) were measured by CCK8 assay; c Representative flow cytometer dot plot of apoptosis and necrosis in BV2 cells treated with 100 μg/mL N-GQDs for 24 h pretreated with/without Fer-1 and DFO were identified by using Annexin V-FITC/PI; d Quantitative results of necrotic and apoptotic percentages from flow cytometer analysis. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE of three independent experiments, performed in triplicate. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s t test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. the control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs. the 100 μg/mL N-GQDs group)

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