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Fig. 9 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 9

From: Crystalline silica particles cause rapid NLRP3-dependent mitochondrial depolarization and DNA damage in airway epithelial cells

Fig. 9

Silica rapidly induces co-localization of NHEJ repair proteins. a Representative confocal images showing co-localization of XRCC4 (green) and LIG 4 (red) in 16HBE cells pretreated with MCC950 (500 nM, 1 h) as indicated, and thereafter exposed to silica (5 μg/cm2) for times indicated. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). b The co-localization was quantified using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Data from 100 cells was analyzed. c Confocal microscopy analysis of co-localization of XRCC4 and LIG 4 in A549 WT and A549 NLRP3 KO cells treated with silica (5 μg/cm2). Images shown in Supplementary Fig. 7b was analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. d Co-localization of XRCC4 and LIG 4 was assessed by PLA assay in cells from a. Red dots indicate proximity for LIG4 and XRCC4. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). e Quantification of the number of dots. All experiments were performed at least in triplicate. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 compared to non-transfected cells or cells not exposed to inhibitor, as determined by ANOVA

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