TY - JOUR AU - Fraser, Kelly AU - Kodali, Vamsi AU - Yanamala, Naveena AU - Birch, M. Eileen AU - Cena, Lorenzo AU - Casuccio, Gary AU - Bunker, Kristin AU - Lersch, Traci L. AU - Evans, Douglas E. AU - Stefaniak, Aleksandr AU - Hammer, Mary Ann AU - Kashon, Michael L. AU - Boots, Theresa AU - Eye, Tracy AU - Hubczak, John AU - Friend, Sherri A. AU - Dahm, Matthew AU - Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. AU - Siegrist, Katelyn AU - Lowry, David AU - Bauer, Alison K. AU - Sargent, Linda M. AU - Erdely, Aaron PY - 2020 DA - 2020/12/07 TI - Physicochemical characterization and genotoxicity of the broad class of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers used or produced in U.S. facilities JO - Particle and Fibre Toxicology SP - 62 VL - 17 IS - 1 AB - Carbon nanotubes and nanofibers (CNT/F) have known toxicity but simultaneous comparative studies of the broad material class, especially those with a larger diameter, with computational analyses linking toxicity to their fundamental material characteristics was lacking. It was unclear if all CNT/F confer similar toxicity, in particular, genotoxicity. Nine CNT/F (MW #1–7 and CNF #1–2), commonly found in exposure assessment studies of U.S. facilities, were evaluated with reported diameters ranging from 6 to 150 nm. All materials were extensively characterized to include distributions of physical dimensions and prevalence of bundled agglomerates. Human bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to the nine CNT/F (0–24 μg/ml) to determine cell viability, inflammation, cellular oxidative stress, micronuclei formation, and DNA double-strand breakage. Computational modeling was used to understand various permutations of physicochemical characteristics and toxicity outcomes. SN - 1743-8977 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12989-020-00392-w DO - 10.1186/s12989-020-00392-w ID - Fraser2020 ER -