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Fig. 6 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 6

From: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles impair the inner blood-retinal barrier and retinal electrophysiology through rapid ADAM17 activation and claudin-5 degradation

Fig. 6

Intravitreal exposure of TiO2-NPs broken BRB and alleviated ocular blood flow in vivo. a In the group receiving intravitreal TiO2-NP, the treated right eye revealed leaking of fluorescein from the vessel to vitreous body, resulting an obscure view of the fundus. b Next day, the eyeballs were isolated and homogenized. An accumulation of fluorescein was found in the extracts, suggested the intravitreal TiO2-NP might cause the leakage of inner BBB. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, indicates statistically significant difference from the control eyeballs (left eye). c-d Measurement and analyzing the MBR values in the ONH circulation in C57BL/6 mice before (day 0) and after (day 7 and 14) a single-dose TiO2-NP treatment. c Representative color-coded maps of the MBR (upper panel). By using definitive threshold, the ONH vessel region (shown in white), and the ONH tissue region (shown in black) were automatically defined and showed in gray-scale maps (lower panel). d The calculated MBR values of the total retinal regions (MA), the vessel regions (MV), and the tissue region (MT) that shown as mean ± S.E.M., was presented in histograms. MBR values of MA and MV were significantly reduced in TiO2-NP-treated groups at day 7, whereas the MBR values were returned to basal level on day 14. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, indicates statistically significant difference from the control (day 0)

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