Assessment of respiratory and systemic toxicity of Benzalkonium chloride following a 14-day inhalation study in rats

Hye-Yeon Choi; Yong-Hoon Lee; Cheol-Hong Lim; Yong-Soon Kim; In-Seop Lee; Ji-Min Jo; Ha-Young Lee; Hyo-Geun Cha; Hee Jong Woo; Dong-Seok Seo

doi:10.1186/s12989-020-0339-8

Table 1 Hematologic and blood chemical parameters of main group rats exposed to benzalkonium chloride

From: Assessment of respiratory and systemic toxicity of Benzalkonium chloride following a 14-day inhalation study in rats

	Main group
Sex	Male				Female
Concentration (mg/m³)	0	0.8	4	20	0	0.8	4	20
Hematology
WBC (× 10³/μL)	4.17 ± 0.73	4.56 ± 0.46	3.47 ± 0.72	3.07 ± 0.84	4.42 ± 0.59	4.09 ± 0.54	3.55 ± 0.60	2.50 ± 0.39^b
RBC (×10⁶/μL)	8.40 ± 0.29	8.68 ± 0.16	8.97 ± 0.13^b	9.56 ± 0.19^b	9.04 ± 0.21	8.82 ± 0.10	9.21 ± 0.15	9.54 ± 0.37
HCT (%)	43.52 ± 1.27	44.56 ± 1.17	45.42 ± 0.69^a	48.12 ± 1.16^b	45.28 ± 0.59	44.48 ± 0.61	46.12 ± 0.76	47.58 ± 2.35
Hb (g/dL)	14.50 ± 0.26	14.96 ± 0.21^a	15.42 ± 0.30^b	16.44 ± 0.34^b	15.60 ± 0.24	15.32 ± 0.42	15.86 ± 0.23	16.40 ± 0.67
MCV (fL)	51.84 ± 1.06	51.30 ± 0.57	50.62 ± 0.59	50.32 ± 0.37^c	50.14 ± 0.67	50.40 ± 0.46	50.06 ± 0.39	49.88 ± 0.51
MCH (g/dL)	17.28 ± 0.37	17.24 ± 0.15	17.20 ± 0.37	17.22 ± 0.16	17.28 ± 0.28	17.38 ± 0.35	17.20 ± 0.10	17.20 ± 0.07
MCHC (g/dL)	33.28 ± 0.52	33.62 ± 0.50	33.96 ± 0.49	34.16 ± 0.37^a	34.46 ± 0.25	34.44 ± 0.72	34.36 ± 0.17	34.46 ± 0.39
RETA (× 10⁹/L)	260.70 ± 41.33	241.48 ± 22.83	190.72 ± 17.52	30.48 ± 2.94^d	186.50 ± 40.82	162.16 ± 28.66	139.66 ± 14.54	137.66 ± 15.18
RET (%)	3.12 ± 0.58	2.79 ± 0.29	2.12 ± 0.20	0.32 ± 0.03^d	2.07 ± 0.50	1.84 ± 0.33	1.52 ± 0.18	1.44 ± 0.12c
PLT (×10³/μL)	928 ± 39	892 ± 23	823 ± 43^b	510 ± 39^b	840 ± 49	806 ± 47	844 ± 78	842 ± 73
LYMA (×10³/μL)	3.22 ± 0.51	3.58 ± 0.41	2.45 ± 0.58	2.23 ± 0.67^a	3.35 ± 0.51	3.22 ± 0.58	2.68 ± 0.64	1.78 ± 0.19^b
MONA (×10³/μL)	0.08 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.03	0.07 ± 0.04	0.13 ± 0.03	0.09 ± 0.01	0.09 ± 0.04	0.07 ± 0.02^b
EOSA (×10³/μL)	0.05 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.02	0.08 ± 0.02^a	0.05 ± 0.02	0.06 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.03	0.07 ± 0.02	0.06 ± 0.01
EOS% (%)	1.20 ± 0.27	1.46 ± 0.26	2.34 ± 0.23^a	1.80 ± 0.90	1.40 ± 0.25	1.78 ± 0.90	2.02 ± 0.31	2.38 ± 0.30
BAS%(%)	0.32 ± 0.05	0.26 ± 0.09	0.18 ± 0.08^a	0.18 ± 0.08^a	0.30 ± 0.14	0.32 ± 0.05	0.22 ± 0.08	0.26 ± 0.18
APTT (sec)	16.26 ± 0.67	17.10 ± 0.55	18.12 ± 0.66	21.08 ± 1.89^d	17.44 ± 1.46	16.88 ± 0.51	17.78 ± 0.70	19.32 ± 0.92^a
PT (sec)	11.00 ± 0.38	10.98 ± 0.61	12.04 ± 0.42^a	12.78 ± 0.68^b	11.18 ± 0.37	11.58 ± 0.30	12.64 ± 0.54^b	13.70 ± 0.41^b
Clinical chemistry
ALT (IU/L)	36.06 ± 3.04	37.28 ± 3.52	35.24 ± 2.64	47.22 ± 11.48^a	30.14 ± 2.59	28.02 ± 3.39	32.34 ± 3.24	36.52 ± 5.64
ALP (IU/L)	914.28 ± 71.49	896.70 ± 51.47	788.74 ± 45.07^a	675.46 ± 74.70^b	599.54 ± 44.44	592.44 ± 52.97	647.14 ± 21.79	639.04 ± 74.65
TG (mg/dL)	53.98 ± 20.09	49.26 ± 9.06	27.02 ± 6.12	17.92 ± 1.44^b	16.76 ± 3.52	16.26 ± 5.62	12.88 ± 2.39	16.56 ± 2.96
CK (U/L)	618.66 ± 142.76	583.08 ± 163.15	545.66 ± 130.72	244.94 ± 41.77^b	242.06 ± 35.26	297.80 ± 148.68	257.30 ± 106.39	212.24 ± 63.77
Cl (mmol/L)	94.62 ± 0.71	96.32 ± 3.05	95.56 ± 0.20	91.06 ± 2.88	97.62 ± 1.40	97.78 ± 0.61	99.04 ± 0.63	97.32 ± 1.15
K (mmol/L)	4.52 ± 0.22	4.62 ± 0.13	4.80 ± 0.19	4.64 ± 0.37	4.08 ± 0.16	4.06 ± 0.11	4.32 ± 0.15^a	4.26 ± 0.13
Na (mmol/L)	134.70 ± 0.49	135.72 ± 2.96	134.98 ± 0.67	136.34 ± 1.176	134.58 ± 0.52	135.22 ± 0.61	136.80 ± 0.83^b	138.10 ± 0.77^b

The values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 5 males and 5 females per group)
^aDunnett Test Significant at the 0.05 level, ^bDunnett Test Significant at the 0.01 level
^cDunn Rank Sum Test Significant at the 0.05 level, ^dDunn Rank Sum Test Significant at the 0.01 level

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