Table 1 The mice experimental design
Experiment | Group No. | PS50 (mg/kg body weight) | PS500 (mg/kg body weight) | PS5000 (mg/kg body weight) | Male (n) | Female (n) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biodistribution experimenta) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 5 |
2 | 250 (RF) | 0 | 0 | 10 | 5 | |
3 | 250 (RF) | 125 (GF) | 0 | 10 | 5 | |
4 | 250 (RF) | 250 (GF) | 0 | 10 | 5 | |
5 | 250 (RF) | 500 (GF) | 0 | 10 | 5 | |
6 | 0 | 250 (RF) | 0 | 10 | 5 | |
7 | 125 (RF) | 250 (GF) | 0 | 10 | 5 | |
8 | 500 (RF) | 250 (GF) | 0 | 10 | 5 | |
9 | 0 | 0 | 250 (RF) | 10 | 5 | |
10 | 250 (RF) | 0 | 250 (GF) | 10 | 5 | |
11 | 0 | 250 (RF) | 250 (GF) | 10 | 5 | |
Toxicity effects on intestinal barrier experimentb) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
2 | 250 (NF) | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
3 | 500 (NF) | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
4 | 0 | 250 (NF) | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
5 | 0 | 500 (NF) | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
6 | 250 (NF) | 250 (NF) | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
Oxidant and antioxidant treatment experimentc) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 0 |
2 | 250 (NF) | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | |
3 | 500 (NF) | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | |
4 | 0 | 250 (NF) | 0 | 15 | 0 | |
5 | 0 | 500 (NF) | 0 | 15 | 0 | |
6 | 250 (NF) | 250 (NF) | 0 | 15 | 0 | |
28-day repeated dose oral toxicity studyd) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
2 | 2.5 (NF) | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
3 | 25 (NF) | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
4 | 50 (NF) | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
5 | 250 (NF) | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
6 | 500 (NF) | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
7 | 0 | 2.5 (NF) | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
8 | 0 | 25 (NF) | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
9 | 0 | 50 (NF) | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
10 | 0 | 250 (NF) | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
11 | 0 | 500 (NF) | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
12 | 25 (NF) | 25 (NF) | 0 | 10 | 0 | |
13 | 250 (NF) | 250 (NF) | 0 | 10 | 0 |