Retained particle surface area dose drives inflammation in rat lungs following acute, subacute, and subchronic inhalation of nanomaterials

Table 4 Exposure conditions, curves fitting parameters and onset surface area doses leading to 6% neutrophil infiltration for the different classes of NM studied

Material	Exposure	Reference	Number of conditions^a	Hill equation parameters^b			Onset surface area dose (cm²/g lung) for 6% neutrophils^c
Material	Exposure	Reference	Number of conditions^a	EC50^d	Hill slope^d	R²	Onset surface area dose (cm²/g lung) for 6% neutrophils^c
P25	2- & 4-week	This work + [35, 36, 52]	25	1097 [973–1220]	2.98 [1.89–4.09]	0.79	430
P25	13-week	[53]	5	4683 [4109–5256]	5.86 [0.98–10.7]	0.91	2904
P25	1-week	[54, 55]	7	418 [285–552]	2.88 [0.89–4.87]	0.93	158
Fine TiO₂	All duration	[54,55,56,57,58,59]	25	2069 [1990–2148]	7.34 [5.36–9.32]	0.99	1413
Printex-90	4-week	This work	9	5262 [2795–7728]	2.22 [−0.34–4.78]	0.55	1492
Printex-90	13-week	[60, 61]	9	10,038 [6348–13,728]	1.37 [0.50–2.24]	0.88	1301
MWNT-7	2-, 4- & 13-week	This work + [45, 66]	22	61.6 [47.6–75.5]	1.08 [0.82–1.34]	0.81	4.6
+ NM401, NM402, NM403, Nanocyl NC7000	All duration	+ [14, 47, 71, 73]	+ 32	90.1 [58.9–121.4]	0.85 [0.62–1.09]	0.77	3.3
Micronized Baytubes	13-week		16	6366 [2407–10,326]	0.72 [0.49–0.95]	0.87	130

^aconsidered for modelling; conditions means the combinaison of experimental conditions (aerosol, concentration, post-exposure time point, …)
^blow and high asymptotic %neutrophils values are “in controls” = 1.8% and “max” = 75%, respectively (see § Model fitting)
^c6 = 3 × SD(%neutro _{in controls})
^dThe values in brackets define the asymptotic 95% confidence intervals

ISSN: 1743-8977