Fig. 1

Continuous exposure to PM fails to sustain Il22 expression and inhibits Il22 expression after influenza infection in the lungs. Neonatal mice (age: 3 days) were exposed to aerosolized PM and infected with influenza or sham at 4 dpe. Lungs were collected at 0.5, 1 and 6 dpe and at 2 dpi. A Il22, B Il23 and C Cyp1a1 expression were measured using qRT-PCR. Data are normalized to vehicle-exposed 0.5 dpe group and vehicle-exposed non-infected group at 2 dpi. n = 3–5/group, *p < 0.05. D Schematic of the exposure, infection and sampling timepoints