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Table 2 Pathway analysis results (FDR correct P-values) using MetaboAnalyst showing the enriched metabolic pathways perturbed upon TiO2 NP exposure

From: Oral administration of TiO2 nanoparticles during early life impacts cardiac and neurobehavioral performance and metabolite profile in an age- and sex-related manner

Metabolic pathway

PND 2–5

PND 7–10

PND 17–20

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism

1

8.06 × 10−3

Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis

1.95 × 10−8

1.90 × 10−7

1.53 × 10−8

3.02 × 10−9

8.04 × 10−6

0.00184

Arginine and proline metabolism

0.00222

0.0342

5.33 × 10−3

0.0165

6.90 × 10−4

Arginine biosynthesis

0.0293

0.00599

4.19 × 10−4

1.14 × 10−4

1.00 × 10−4

beta-Alanine metabolism

0.0206

d-Arginine and d-ornithine metabolism

0.0293

d-Glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism

0.00344

0.0439

Glutathione metabolism

0.0293

0.0446

Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis

0.0446

  1. 1FDR corrected P-value > 0.05 was marked by “–”,