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Table 2 Association* between personal exposures and selected anions at lag 0

From: Malondialdehyde and anion patterns in exhaled breath condensate among subway workers

Personal exposure

MDAe/MDAb

Formatee/Formateb

Lactatee/Lactateb

Acetatee/Acetateb

ΣNOxe/ΣNOb

Nitrite/Nitratee/Nitrite/Nitrateb

Lag 0

Lag 0

Lag 0

Lag 0

Lag 0

Lag 0

Particle number concentration (#/cm3)

− 0.06 ± 0.22 (0.77)

0.03 ± 0.08 (0.70)

0.19 ± 0.47 (0.68)

0.14 ± 0.16 (0.37)

− 0.39 ± 0.13 (0.01)

0.49 ± 0.24 (0.04)

UFP size (nm)

− 0.55 ± 0.68 (0.42)

− 0.24 ± 0.25 (0.34)

− 1.32 ± 1.51 (0.38)

− 1.31 ± 0.50 (0.01)

0.33 ± 0.45 (0.47)

− 0.81 ± 0.79 (0.31)

Lung deposited surface area (µm2/cm3)

− 0.12 ± 0.25 (0.62)

0.02 ± 0.09 (0.87)

0.17 ± 0.54 (0.75)

0.04 ± 0.19 (0.85)

− 0.48 ± 0.15 (0.01)

0.54 ± 0.27 (0.06)

PM2.5 (µg/m3)

− 0.03 ± 0.20 (0.89)

0.05 ± 0.08 (0.54)

− 0.04 ± 0.51 (0.93)

− 0.02 ± 0.18 (0.93)

0.36 ± 0.35 (0.31)

0.40 ± 0.28 (0.16)

PM4 (µg/m3)

− 0.66 ± 0.48 (0.17)

0.43 ± 0.18 (0.02)

− 1.48 ± 1.04 (0.16)

− 0.25 ± 0.37 (0.50)

0.36 ± 0.35 (0.31)

− 0.16 ± 0.59 (0.78)

PM10 (µg/m3)

− 0.06 ± 0.23 (0.81)

− 0.01 ± 0.09 (0.99)

0.22 ± 0.50 (0.65)

0.14 ± 0.18 (0.44)

0.01 ± 0.17 (0.94)

0.14 ± 0.29 (0.63)

  1. *For each pair exposure-anion, the association was evaluated using linear regression with the (log-transformed) daily evolution of anion (ratio post-shift/pre-shift) as dependent variable, the personal exposure as independent predictor variable, and BMI as adjustment variable to control for confounding or effect modification. Bold values correspond to coefficients statistically significantly different from zero. Indicee corresponds to post-shift anions levels whereas indiceb corresponds to pre-shift anion levels