Circulatory metabolites trigger ex vivo arterial endothelial cell dysfunction in population chronically exposed to diesel exhaust

Table 1 Demographics and internal doses of diesel exhaust exposure in 133 DETs and 126 non-DETs

Variable	Non-DET	DET	P value
Age (y, mean ± SD)	32.0 ± 11.2	32.1 ± 8.7	0.89^a
Sex (Male, %)	100	100
Race (Han Chinese, %)	100	100
Current smokers (n, %)	61, 48.4	79, 59.4	0.076^b
Packyears (M, Q1–Q3)^d	8 (4.2–20)	5 (2.5–10)	0.020^c
BMI (mean ± SD)	23.7 ± 4.4	24.6 ± 3.4	0.087^a
Occupational history (y, M, Q1–Q3)		8.5 (5.6–9.6)
Total RNA (µg, M, Q1–Q3)	0.94 (0.62–2.51)	0.94 (0.47–1.94)	0.20
Urinary OH-PAHs (μg/g cr)
2-OHFlu (M, Q1–Q3)	0.61 (0.29–0.94)	1.59 (1.02–2.40)	< 10^−4c
1-OHP (M, Q1–Q3)	0.76 (0.23–1.36)	2.30 (1.28–3.44)	< 10^−4c
1- & 2-OHNa (M, Q1–Q3)	2.07 (0.79–5.36)	5.06 (2.77–9.51)	< 10^−4c
2- & 9-OHPh (M, Q1–Q3)	0.63 (0.34–1.31)	2.79 (1.82–4.16)	< 10^−4c
PM2.5 (μg/m³, mean ± SD, n)	91.9 ± 3.4, 6	282.3 ± 111.3, 16
PM2.5 associated EC (μg/m³, mean ± SD, n)	11.8 ± 0.6, 6	135.2 ± 56.6, 16

Current smokers were defined as individuals who had smoked more than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and continued to smoke during the period of interview or if quit, quit within 1 month prior to interview.
1-OHNa, one-hydroxynaphthalene; 2-OHNa, 2-hydroxynaphthalene; 2-OHFlu, 2-hydroxyfluorene; 2-OHPh, 2-hydroxyphenanthrene; 9-OHPh, 9-hydroxyphenanthrene; 1-OHP, 1-hydroxypyrene; M, median; Q, quartile; PM, particulate matter; EC, elemental carbon; SD, standard deviation
^aStudent’s t test
^bChi square test
^cRank sum test
^dValues in current smokers

ISSN: 1743-8977