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Fig. 3 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 3

From: Copper oxide nanoparticles trigger macrophage cell death with misfolding of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)

Fig. 3

CuO NPs trigger lysosomal acidification. a RAW264.7 macrophages were labeled using LysoSensor™ Green following exposure to CuO NPs (25 µg/mL) for 6 h and visualized by confocal microscopy. Scale bars: 10 µm. b LysoSensor™ Green fluorescence in control cells and cells exposed to CuO NPs (25 µg/mL) was determined by flow cytometry. Preincubation with bafilomycin A1 (10 nM) (c) and TTM (50 µM) (d) protected the RAW264.7 macrophages from CuO NP-triggered cell death as shown using the Alamar blue assay. Data are mean values ± S.D. (n = 3). **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001 (significant difference between control and treatments); #p < 0.05; ###p < 0.001 (significant difference between treatments)

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