Exposure route | Size (nm)a | Coating | Dose (µg) | Post-exposure sampling times (hours) | Tissues sampled | Strain | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calibration | |||||||
IV | 1.4, 5, 18, 80, 200 | Citrate | 3.2–32.9 | 1, 24 | Bl, GI, Lu, Li, Sp, Ki, Rt, U | Wistar − Kyoto rats | [33] |
Oral | 5, 18, 80, 200 | Citrate | 2.6–28.8 | 1, 24 | Bl, GI, Lu, Li, Sp, Ki, Rt, U | Wistar − Kyoto rats | [34] |
IT | 1.4, 5, 18, 80, 200 | Citrate | 3.0–40.7 | 1, 3, 24 | Bl, GI, Lu, Li, Sp, Ki, Rt, U | Wistar − Kyoto rats | [35] |
IH | 23 | Citrate | 20.1 | 2, 4, 24, 168, 672 | Bl, GI, Lu, Li, Sp, Ki, Rt | Wistar − Kyoto rats | [36] |
Validation | |||||||
IV | 22.4, 33.2, 33.7, 35.1, 34.9 | Citrate, 11-MUA, CALNN, CALND, CALNS | 1 | 24 | Bl, GI, Lu, Li, Sp, Ki, Mu, Br, Bo, Rt | Wistar rats | [47] |
IV | 16.1 | Citrate | 0.7 | 672 | Bl, GI, Lu, Li, Sp, Ki, Mu, Br, Bo, Rt | Wistar rats | [48] |