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Fig. 9 | Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Fig. 9

From: Pulmonary dust foci as rat pneumoconiosis lesion induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in 13-week inhalation study

Fig. 9

Immunohistochemical characteristics of pulmonary dust foci (PDF) and simple agglomeration lesions in rat lungs after inhalation exposure to TiO2 NP (50 mg/m3). The upper left of A: triple staining for macrophage marker CD68 (green in the cytoplasm), AEC2 marker LPCAT1 (brown in the cytoplasm) and AEC1 marker RT1-40 (red in the cell membrane). The upper right of A: triple staining for myeloid lineage marker PU.1 (green in the nucleus), CD68 (brown in the cytoplasm) and RT1-40 (red in the cell membrane). Blue frame: Particle-laden interstitial macrophage. Green frame: Over-stuffed AM in the alveolar air space. The lower left of A: double staining for vascular endothelial cell marker CD34 (green in the cell membrane) and lymphatic endothelial cell marker VEGFR3 (brown in the cell membrane). The lower right of A: double staining for myofibroblast marker αSMA (green in the cytoplasm) and VEGFR3 (brown in the cell membrane). Double staining for AEC2 marker TTF1 (green in the nucleus) and AEP marker Tm4sf1 (brown in the cytoplasm) in both PDF and simple agglomeration lesions (B). The percentage of TTF1/Tm4sf1 double positive AEPs in the total TTF1-positive cell population was measured for each of 50 randomly selected PDF lesions and 50 randomly selected simple agglomeration lesions, and shown as the Tm4sf1 positive index in AEC2 (mean ± S.D.)

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