A novel in-situ method to determine the respiratory tract deposition of carbonaceous particles reveals dangers of public commuting in highly polluted megacity

Table 2 Summary of descriptive statistics for different exposure scenarios in public transport (PT) and walking (W)

Variable	MV		BR		TV		BC		DDR		DF
Unit	L min⁻¹		# min⁻¹		L		μg m⁻³		μg hr⁻¹		%
Unit	PT	W	PT	W	PT	W	PT	W	PT	W	PT	W
min	1.6	1.3	7	7	0.14	0.16	23.3	4.2	0.85	0.20	20.3	16.6
max	16.9	17.3	28	22	1.42	1.63	128	119	37.3	21.2	79.1	82.6
median	7.5	8.1	11.8	13	0.63	0.61	71.5	30	11.6	4.4	39.3	43.9
mean	7.6	7.8	12.9	12.9	0.63	0.64	72.4	34.2	13.2	6.3	41.1	45
SD	4.0	3.9	4.7	3.9	0.34	0.37	30	25.5	9.3	5.3	10.7	11.7
CI	1.3	1.3	1.5	1.2	0.11	0.12	9.6	8.15	2.3	1.7	3.43	3.8
p value	> 0.01		> 0.01		> 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01
effsize r	0.1 (small)		0.07 (small)		0.2 (small)		1.0 (large)		0.9 (large)		0.5 (medium)

Here, SD, standard deviation; CI, 95% confidence interval of the mean; p value calculated from the Wilcoxon signed rank test; effsize, r rank biserial)

ISSN: 1743-8977