From: Placental DNA hypomethylation in association with particulate air pollution in early life
Characteristics | Mean ± SD or range and number (%) |
---|---|
Maternal | |
Age, y | 29.1 (18–42) |
Pre-gestational BMI, kg/m2 | 24.4 ± 4.5 |
Net weight gain, kg | 14.6 ± 6.4 |
Maternal education | |
Low | 30 (12.5%) |
Middle | 84 (35.0%) |
High | 126 (52.5%) |
Smoking | |
Never-smoker | 162 (67.6%) |
Past-smoker | 39 (16.2%) |
Smoker | 39 (16.2%) |
Acetaminophen | |
No | 136 (56.7%) |
Yes | 104 (43.3%) |
Alcohola | |
No | 194 (82.5%) |
Yes | 41 (17.5%) |
Parity | |
1 | 128 (53.3%) |
2 | 88 (36.7%) |
≥ 3 | 24 (10.0%) |
Apparent temperature, °C | |
Trimester 1 | 9.4 ± 6.0 |
Trimester 2 | 8.3 ± 6.2 |
Trimester 3 | 8.6 ± 5.9 |
Newborn | |
Newborn’s gender | |
Male | 110 (45.8%) |
Female | 130 (54.2%) |
Ethnicityb | |
European | 206 (86.5%) |
Non-European | 32 (13.5%) |
Gestational age, w | 39.2 (35–42) |
Seasonc | |
Fall | 56 (23.3%) |
Winter | 60 (25.0%) |
Spring | 51 (21.3%) |
Summer | 73 (30.4%) |
Apgar score after 5 min | |
7 | 2 (0.8%) |
8 | 11 (4.6%) |
9 | 74 (30.8%) |
10 | 153 (63.8%) |
Birth weight, g | 3400.8 ± 422.3 |
Birth length, cm | 50.2 ± 1.9 |
Placental global DNA methylation, % | 4.6 ± 0.4 |