Figure 1From: Combustion-derived flame generated ultrafine soot generates reactive oxygen species and activates Nrf2 antioxidants differently in neonatal and adult rat lungs PFPs generate reactive oxygen species. (A) Chemical reaction showing the multistep reduction of molecular oxygen into reactive oxygen species. (B) Dithiothreitol consumption (n=10), and the generation of hydrogen peroxide (n=3), and hydroxyl radical (n=5) were assayed for PFP and compared to urban ambient PM2.5 collected from Fresno, CA.Back to article page