Table 4 Measured test substance deposition in the lung, expected deposition calculated by the Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model, measured (absolute and relative) decrease of lung burden (clearance) after the recovery period
From: Application of short-term inhalation studies to assess the inhalation toxicity of nanomaterials
Test substance | Assumed 100% deposition (mg) | (Lung burden) Measured test material on study day 5 (μg/lung) | Measured deposition (%) | Calculated deposition (%) | Measured lung burden after recovery period (μg/lung) | % Decrease of lung burden after recovery perioda |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coated nano-TiO 2 (T-lite SF™ containing 82% TiO 2 and 10% Al(OH) 3 ) | 3.85 | 459.0 ± 71.3 (TiO2) 49.1 ± 7.6 (Al(OH)3) | 12.4%b | 19.1% | 467.4 ± 43.4 (TiO2) 46.3 ± 5.0 (Al(OH)3) | +1% |
Micron-scale ZnO | 5.508 | 82.3 ± 12.5 | 1.5% | 10.3% | 27.1 ± 1.5 | n.a. |
Coated nano-ZnO (NM-111) | 0.216 | 33.9 ± 7.0 | 15.7% | 12.4% | 25.4 ± 1.3 | n.a. |
1.008 | 123.4 ± 28.4 | 12.2% | 13.5% | 26.3 ± 1.5 | n.a. | |
4.968 | 428.2 ± 19.4 | 8.6% | 13.4% | 28.4 ± 4.1 | n.a. | |
SiO 2 .naked | 18.936 | 342.3 ± 10.7 | 1.8% | 5.1% | 208.2 ± 16.1 | −39% |
SiO 2 .acrylate | 0.216 | 18.6 ± 6.2 | 8.6% | 7.1% | 15.7 ± 6.9 | −16% |
0.756 | 37.1 ± 6.9 | 4.9% | 7.9% | 30.0 ± 7.7 | −19% | |
3.492 | 200.0 ± 30.9 | 5.7% | 6.8% | 132.1 ± 43.3 | −34% | |
SiO 2 .PEG | 0.738 | 59.2 ± 11.0 | 8.0% | 8.8% | 25.7 ± 2.1 | −57% |
3.60 | 182.6 ± 27.1 | 5.1% | 8.8% | 117.0 ± 45.7 | −36% | |
19.476 | 834.3 ± 206.3 | 4.3% | 6.5% | 370.8 ± 40.5 | −56% | |
SiO 2 .phosphate | 1.044 | 71.3 ± 11.0 | 6.8% | 10.9% | 47.8 ± 3.3 | −33% |
3.60 | 194.7 ± 11.9 | 5.4% | 6.1% | 104.8 ± 21.4 | −46% | |
18.54 | 499.2 ± 30.9 | 2.7% | 6.2% | 303.8 ± 91.1 | −39% | |
SiO 2 .amino | 0.756 | 87.0 ± 14.2 | 11.5% | 10.5% | 52.1 ± 9.6 | −41% |
3.672 | 295.9 ± 81.7 | 8.1% | 5.3% | 154.7 ± 25.7 | −48% | |
18.144 | 741.6 ± 157.7 | 4.1% | 5.4% | 474.2 ± 155.1 | - 36% | |
Nano-BaSO 4 (NM-220) c | 19.224 | 1055.7 | 5.5% | 9.6% | 239.7 | −77% |
Nano-ZrO 2 | 0.18 | 18.0 ± 5.6 | 10.0% | 7.3% | 6.8 ± 3.6 | −62% |
0.936 | 20.3d 117.5 | 2.2% 12.6% | 8.2% | 29.3 ± 6.2 | −75% | |
3.456 | 270.6 ± 28.9 | 7.8% | 6.7% | 157.6 ± 19.0 | −42% | |
ZrO 2 .TODA | 0.720 | 83.3 ± 6.4 | 11.6% | 10.9% | 41.9 ± 5.4 | −50% |
3.816 | 233.2 ± 6.9 | 6.1% | 10.9% | 87.3 ± 62.8 | −63% | |
18.792 | 693.4 ± 121.8 | 3.7% | 7.7% | 520.5 ± 82.0 | - 25% | |
ZrO 2 .acrylate | 0.684 | 7e | 1.0% | 16.0% | LOQ | Â |
3.636 | 70 | 1.9% | 11.1% | 49 | - 30% | |
18.18 | 169 | 0.9% | 7.7% | 190 | + 12% | |
Nano-scale CeO 2 | 0.277 | 52.0 ± 5.0 | 18.8% | 16.6% | 44.2 ± 4.4 | −15% |
1.069 | 165.8 ± 18.4 | 15.5% | 14.3% | 157.6 ± 18.7 | −5% | |
4.176 | 417.6 ± 44.3 | 10.0% | 15.4% | 470.9 ± 51.2 | +13% | |
Al-doped nano-scale CeO 2 c | 3.312 | 326.8 | 7.8% | 6.8% | 304.7 | −7% |