Fig. 4
From: Poorly soluble cobalt oxide particles trigger genotoxicity via multiple pathways
Comet assay showed that poorly soluble Co3O4P induce primary DNA damage. At 2 h exposure, the primary DNA damage exerted by Co3O4P was dose dependent and, compared with C neg (0 μg mL-1), only 10 and 20 μg mL-1 were statistically significant. At 24 h, the effect was not dose dependent, but the measured damage was statistically significant at 2.5, 10 and 20 μg mL-1. CoCl2, by contrast, did not induce dose-related primary DNA damage at 2 h or at 24 h. A statistically significant increase was observed at 2 h exposure for the three highest concentrations tested whereas no increase was noted at 24 h exposure. Data are presented as mean tail DNA % ± SEM of two independent experiments in duplicate. Statistical significance was evaluated by one-way ANOVA with Holm-Sidak post-hoc test: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001