Poorly soluble cobalt oxide particles trigger genotoxicity via multiple pathways

Table 3 Histone H2Ax phosphorylation in BEAS-2B cells pre-exposed to NAC

μg mL^-1		Without NAC pretreatment	With NAC pretreatment	Fold decrease
C neg		0.67 ± 0.06	0.06 ± 0.02^###	11
Co₃O₄P	10	1.74 ± 0.12***	0.03 ± 0.01^###	58
Co₃O₄P	20	2.26 ± 0.14***	0.03 ± 0.01^###	75
CoCl₂	10	3.37 ± 0.19***	0.17 ± 0.04^###	20
CoCl₂	20	4.40 ± 0.12***	0.08 ± 0.02^###	55

The pretreatment of BEAS-2B cells with 0.5 mM NAC exerted a statistically significant reduction of γ-H2Ax foci, independently of the exposure of the cells to Co₃O₄P or CoCl₂. However, the protective effect of NAC in Co₃O₄P-incubated cells seems stronger than in BEAS-2B exposed to CoCl₂. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA with Holm-Sidak post-hoc test. Significance versus C neg cells not pretreated with NAC: ***p < 0.001. Significance of NAC pretreated samples versus the corresponding non preincubated ones: ^### p < 0.001

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